Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Technical features of the sonnet form Essay Example for Free

Technical features of the sonnet form Essay There are a number of technical features of the sonnet form; first of all, all sonnets are fourteen lines long. There are ten syllables in each line, and most of the time they are in the form of iambic pentameter (limping five rhythm), this means that there are five stressed syllables at the start and then five unstressed syllables, this is repeated 5 times. However, Sir Phillip Sydneys sonnet Loving in truth has twelve syllables in each line, so that sonnet is an exception to this rule. All of the sonnets rhyme, there are two rhyme schemes, the Shakespearean and Petrarchan sonnet forms. The Shakespearean sonnet form consists of three quatrains and a rhyming couplet at the end of the sonnet. Usually, the rhyming couplet in Shakespearean sonnets summarises the whole poem. The Petrarchan form consists of an octave, and then a sestet. Another thing is that there is a lot of imagery in sonnets. The main types of imagery are similes, metaphors and personification. An example of a simile is in Percy Shelleys sonnet, To Wordsworth, when he says thou wert as a lone star. Also there are many examples of metaphors, such as in Shakespeares My mistress eyes, Shakespeare says black wires grow on her head. This means that he is comparing black wires to actual hair. There are also a lot of examples of personification in sonnets, for example Wordsworth says the very houses seem asleep; he said this in his sonnet which is called Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802. There are quite a few common themes in sonnets that poets write about quite often. An example of a theme is love and courtship. There are a lot of sonnets that deal with this subject, such as Shakespeares sonnet called When my love swears that she is made of truth. In this sonnet, Shakespeare talks about his love telling lies to him just to make him feel good. He even says I do believe her, though I know she lies. This shows that Shakespeare is telling us all about courtship, another thing is that he refers to her speech as a false-speaking tongue. All of this explains about courtship in Shakespeares sonnet, and almost at the end of the sonnet he states that loves best habit is seeming trust. Edmund Spencers sonnet 54, Of this worlds theatre in which we stay, is also about love. He compares love to going to the theatre, for example he says my love like the spectator ydly sits. Another thing is that he contrasts his love with comedies and tragedies in the theatre: But when I laugh she mocks, and when I cry She laughs and hardens evermore her heart. This makes it clear that this sonnet is also about love, and going to the theatre is a metaphor for his love. Another sonnet that falls into the category of love and courtship is Sir Philip Sydneys Loving in truth and in fain in verse my love to show. In this sonnet, he talks about winning the heart of someone he loves by writing a poem. By writing the poem he intends her to feel pity, and then he states that pity grace obtain. In another words, his love will feel sorry for him and feel sympathy for him. All of this illustrates that love and courtship is a common theme for sonnets. Another common theme is about poetry. The sonnet Loving in truth and fain in verse my love to show by Sir Phillip Sidney is more about poetry than love. He talks about writing a poem for his love to read, he says pleasure might cause her to read which emphasizes the power of poetry. He also points out that he needs a poem that will entertain her wits. Even in the last line, he makes reference to poetry by saying Fool, said my Muse to me, look in thy heart and write. What he meant by this is that the best poems are written by listening to your heart. However, it is ironic that Sir Phillip Sidney must have done a lot of research into writing this poem, and not by listening to his heart. Another sonnet about poetry is Shakespeares My mistress eyes. In this sonnet, Shakespeare criticises the exaggeration of other poems. He compares his mistress to coral, saying that her eyes are nowhere near as red as coral, which makes fun of the other poems. He states that when compared to perfume, his mistress breath wreaks. Right at the end of the sonnet, at the rhyming couplet he makes it clear that he isnt criticizing his mistress, but that falsely comparing his love and exaggerating isnt necessary: And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare. Another example of poetry as a theme for a sonnet is in Shakespeares sonnet Not marble nor the gilded monuments. In this sonnet he talks about the power of this particular sonnet that he was writing by saying that nothing shall outlive this powerful rime. He mentions that the memory of his love will always be around thanks to the poem he wrote, even after they die, her memory will still be here in the poem, this conveys the power of this particular poem. He says gainst death and all-oblivious enmity shall you pace forth. In the end he illustrates that his loves will live in this, and dwell in lovers eyes. Finally, time, death and loss are part of another theme that is common in sonnets. All these three themes are linked together. First of all, John Donnes sonnet Death be not proud is about death. He personifies death and directs his sonnet to death itself by saying Death be not proud, though some have called thee mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so. In this sonnet, John Donne illustrates that there is nothing to fear about death. He states that death is a slave to fate, chance, kings and desperate men. Even at the end, he stresses that death shall be no more and that death will die itself, this means that death is only really sending people to heaven and that eternal life shall overcome death. The next sonnet about this theme is Shakespeares No longer mourn for me when I am dead. In this sonnet he leaves a message for his love, not to feel bad when he will die. He says remember not the hand that writ it, for I love you so which means that this sonnet is also about time because he talks about his love forgetting about him after an amount of time. Also he thinks of the future, when he will be dead, which also shows that this sonnet is about time and he loss of him. Another sonnet about death and time is John Keats When I have fears that I may cease to be. At the start of the sonnet, John Keats shows that he is scared of death because he wont be able to write poems again, and that he might not live long enough to write a truly great poem. He also is worried that he wont see his lover again because he says that he shall never look upon thee more. At the end he mentions to nothingness do sink which means that he is probably near to death. Overall, he common themes that are used in sonnets are love and courtship, the power of poetry and death.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

Nucleic Acids :: essays research papers

DNA is the single most important molecule found within cells. It is a stable polynucleotide, which contains coded information for inherited characteristics. It is contained in chromosomes in the nucleus of an eukaryot cell. The essential features of the Watson-Crick model are summarised below. 1. The two helical polynucleotide chains are coiled around a common axis. The two chains have opposite polarity i.e. they are antiparrallel. 2. The regular repeating sugar phosphate backbone of each strand lies on the outside of the helix. The purine and pyrimidine bases project inwards at 900 to the axis of the helix. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonding between pairs of bases such that guanine always pairs with cytosine and adenine always pairs with thymine; this is called complementary base pairing 3. The diameter of the helix is 2.0 nm and adjacent bases are separated by 0.34 nm and inclined at 360 relative to each other. This means that each complete turn of the double helix contains about 10 base pairs. 4. The amount of guanine is usually equal to that of cytosine. The monomers of RNA and DNA are called nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: A Five Carbon or Pentose Sugar The sugar will be one of two very similar pentose rings. Ribonucleic acids contain the sugar ribose. Deoxyribonucleic acids contain the sugar deoxyribose. The only difference between these two sugars is that deoxyribose contains one oxygen atom less than ribose. Pentose sugars are essential because they are involved in linking different nucleotides together by condensation reactions. The Nitrogen-Containing Bases There are two types of bases found in nucleic acids. The purine bases have two nitrogen containing rings, while the pyrimidines have only one. In DNA the purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G) and the pyrimidines are cytosine (C) and thymine (T). In RNA the purine bases are the same as in DNA, but the pyrimidines are cytosine and uracil (U). These rings have the chemical property of being bases because of the nitrogen atoms they contain. Adenine always forms 2 hydrogen bonds with thymine. Cytosine always forms 3 hydrogen bonds with guanine. Nucleic Acids :: essays research papers DNA is the single most important molecule found within cells. It is a stable polynucleotide, which contains coded information for inherited characteristics. It is contained in chromosomes in the nucleus of an eukaryot cell. The essential features of the Watson-Crick model are summarised below. 1. The two helical polynucleotide chains are coiled around a common axis. The two chains have opposite polarity i.e. they are antiparrallel. 2. The regular repeating sugar phosphate backbone of each strand lies on the outside of the helix. The purine and pyrimidine bases project inwards at 900 to the axis of the helix. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonding between pairs of bases such that guanine always pairs with cytosine and adenine always pairs with thymine; this is called complementary base pairing 3. The diameter of the helix is 2.0 nm and adjacent bases are separated by 0.34 nm and inclined at 360 relative to each other. This means that each complete turn of the double helix contains about 10 base pairs. 4. The amount of guanine is usually equal to that of cytosine. The monomers of RNA and DNA are called nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: A Five Carbon or Pentose Sugar The sugar will be one of two very similar pentose rings. Ribonucleic acids contain the sugar ribose. Deoxyribonucleic acids contain the sugar deoxyribose. The only difference between these two sugars is that deoxyribose contains one oxygen atom less than ribose. Pentose sugars are essential because they are involved in linking different nucleotides together by condensation reactions. The Nitrogen-Containing Bases There are two types of bases found in nucleic acids. The purine bases have two nitrogen containing rings, while the pyrimidines have only one. In DNA the purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G) and the pyrimidines are cytosine (C) and thymine (T). In RNA the purine bases are the same as in DNA, but the pyrimidines are cytosine and uracil (U). These rings have the chemical property of being bases because of the nitrogen atoms they contain. Adenine always forms 2 hydrogen bonds with thymine. Cytosine always forms 3 hydrogen bonds with guanine.

Monday, January 13, 2020

Office Equipment and Machines

Office work must always be done with good accuracy to ensure quality of the work output. In this case, machines have been of great help to offices in doing much more work at great speed. Every day, different types of machines are used in an office to help workers in their specific tasks. A basic definition of a machine is that it is an instrument to aide in performing a particular task; from the small calculator to the computers, these are all considered machines. Office equipment are consist of different types of machines that aide the workers in doing their job. These machines have different types of classification according to their functions. There are machines that are used for communication, recording, duplicating, etc. Each type of machine does different jobs in order to make the task much easier and for the workers to be able to finish it within a small period of time. Machines such as computers are also needed for keeping records of transactions for future use or basis. Saving files in a computer nowadays are more convenient and a lot easier than putting them in folders and boxes. Today, computers are the most common machine seen within an office. This is because computers can do many functions at once. Machines are believed to function better than a human worker. This is why offices often choose to obtain more machines than to hire more workers. This lessens the employment in some offices. It is true that machines have a great benefit in doing work within an office. But a machine is a mere aide or a tool for the completion of task. Human intervention is still needed in order for these machines to function well. II. Body. Workers need equipment for doing their daily job in the office. These equipment serve as tools in doing their tasks. These are commonly seen on a workers desk, drawers and cabinets. Basic equipment would be; pen, paper, scissors, pins, clips, staplers, and the like. Other equipment in the office are used in presenting, analyzing, storing, receiving/sending, recording, and duplicating and even accounting of data. These are the equipment that have more complex functions than the basic equipment. The computer is a machine that does all of these functions. It is the most convenient type of machine in an office. But although it has the most capabilities, other machines are still deemed to be useful in most situations. For example, you can send e-mails through a computer. This is a type of communication. In some cases, you can also make an outgoing or receive and incoming call with a computer. But since the majority of offices use the land-line or the telephone, it would be convenient to use the latter than that of the former. Another example, printing files are possible with a computer. But to duplicate these files, a photocopier is much faster and an ink-saver in duplicating documents. The office is consists of these various types of equipment. With different functions, they tend to work best with proper handling by an operator/worker. Machines were made by humans in order to help them in their task, not to replace human workers in an office. These machines, like the basic equipment, are just tools that are to be used by people to hasten their work and to improve its quality and quantity. III. Conclusion Office Equipment are aide in maximizing the quality and quantity of an output. And it works best when it is in a good condition. These equipment are still dependable to human for repairs and preservation. Office equipment and machines are useless without human interventions. They would simply be tools if there are no operators controlling/using it. Although it is easier to control a machine than that of a human worker, we should also consider that this is because man is the most complex machine. Man is capable of more things that a computer is able to do. This led to creation of machines which would help in accomplishing tasks or goals.

Sunday, January 5, 2020

The Crucible By Irving Janis - 1904 Words

For generations, the foundation of societies have ultimately stayed the same, with only ideas changing. To this day the voice of many remains unheard and unspoken as people are expected to conform to the standards of society. The idea of â€Å"Group Think† requires an exact mold for the members to shape to, but in reality Developed in 1972 by Irving Janis, â€Å"Group Think†, a psychological phenomenon, affects the choices of thousands of people unknowingly and deleteriously. The fallout of a group and its tragic aftermath due to the effects of â€Å"Group Think† is shown in The Crucible, a play written by Arthur Miller in which chaos has risen across Salem, Massachusetts with the appearance of witch trials. Tangled up in the trials, the characters are forced to undertake actions against their own will power. Key driving symptoms of Groupthink contributing to the Salem witch trial include, but are not limited to pressure, an in illusion morality and self-censorsh ip. Throughout life, there always come a time where an individual is nudged out of their own confines in order to satisfy the yearnings of egotistic others. In a word, such acts can be identified as pressure. By the books, pressure is defined as a constraining or compelling force placed on others. While it applies true, it is simply a burden placed on ones back. In The Crucible similar actions are demonstrated evidently as the characters resort to every frontier to make ends meet, at least for their own sake. From the start,Show MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1088 Words   |  5 PagesBridget Bishop with the Devil!† (Miller 45). In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, residents of Salem habitually ‘cry witch’, driven by dismay, suspicion, and retribution. Under a strict theocracy, where the court’s ruling and religious beliefs are exclusively bound to one another, death is practically inevitable for those branded as witches, their names perpetually tar nished. From atop his high horse, one may look upon The Crucible and harshly judge the irrational actions of Salem’s community; howeverRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1470 Words   |  6 PagesBridget Bishop with the Devil!† (Miller 45). In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, residents of Salem habitually ‘cry witch’, driven by dismay, suspicion, and retribution. Under a strict theocracy, where the court’s ruling and religious beliefs are exclusively bound to one another, death is practically inevitable for those branded as witches, their names perpetually tarnished. From atop his high horse, one may look upon The Crucible and harshly judge the irrational actions of Salem’s community; however